Sex, Sickness, and Slavery: Illness in the Antebellum South

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Description

Marli F. Wiener skillfully integrates the history of medicine with social and intellectual history in this study of how race and sex complicated medical remedy in the antebellum South. Sex, Sickness, and Slavery argues that Southern physicians’ scientific training and practice uniquely entitled them to formulate medical justification for the imbalanced racial hierarchies of the period. Challenged with both helping to preserve the slave system (by acknowledging and preserving clear distinctions of race and sex) and enhancing their own authority (with correct medical diagnoses and effective remedy), doctors sought to remember bodies that did not necessarily fit into neat dichotomies or trust suggested treatments. 
 
Focusing on Southern states from Virginia to Alabama, Weiner examines medical and lay perspectives at the body through a range of sources, including medical journals, notes, diaries, daybooks, and letters. These personal and revealing sources show how physicians, medical students, and patients–both free whites and slaves–felt about vulnerability to disease and mental illnesses, how bodily differences between races and sexes were explained, and how emotions, common sense, working conditions, and climate were understood to affect the body.
 
Physicians’ authority did not go uncontested, then again. Weiner also describes the ways in which laypeople, both black and white, resisted medical authority, clearly refusing to cede explanatory power to doctors without measuring medical views against their own bodily experiences or personal beliefs. Expertly drawing the dynamic tensions right through this period in which Southern culture and the demands of slavery continuously trumped science, Weiner explores how doctors struggled with contradictions as medicine became a key arena for debate over the meanings of female and male, ill and well, black and white, North and South.

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